Rosalyn S. Yalow

Co-winner of the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Yalow shared the honor with Roger Guillemin and Andrew Schally for the development of the radioimmunoassay technique. She was the second woman to receive the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, after Gerty Cori, and the first American-born woman to earn that distinction. An American medical physicist, Yalow made contributions that reshaped the field of medical diagnostics.