• 1919 April 23
    (b.) -
    1974 July 26
    (d.)

Bio/Description

Born in Summit, New Jersey, he served as President of IBM World Trade Corporation and United States Ambassador to France. His father, Thomas J. Watson, was President of International Business Machines (IBM), who oversaw that company's growth into an international force from the 1920s to the 1950s. His brother Thomas J. Watson, Jr. was the president of IBM from 1952 to 1971 and United States Ambassador to the Soviet Union. In the late 1940s, he assisted his father, IBM's president Thomas J. Watson, Sr., in the incorporation and organization of the IBM World Trade Corporation ? the subsidiary which handled IBM's business outside the United States. As President and later Board Chairman of the IBM World Trade Corporation, he expanded its operations throughout the world. During his 21 years of leadership, he spent a large part of his time traveling abroad, often accompanied by his family. He established numerous new country operations, selected managers and guided the expansion of the international businesses. When he began in IBM in February 1947, he spoke fluent French. During the next five years of his business career, he spent more than an hour a day to master Spanish and German, and to develop a working knowledge of Portuguese. These linguistic skills were a major asset to him throughout his international career. At the time he joined the IBM World Trade Corporation subsidiary upon its formation in 1949, IBM sales outside the United States were less than $50 million. When he resigned in 1970 to become Ambassador to France, IBM World Trade Corporation sales had grown to more than $2.5 billion, and the company had established business operations in 108 countries. By then, net income from World Trade operations equaled those of the U.S. company. From his first European business trip with his father in 1948, he held to a conviction that Western Europe would eventually emerge in the postwar period as a united economic community. He supported the formation of the European Economic Community and made sure that the IBM World Trade Corporation was one of the first U.S.-based companies to build up its manufacturing and development capabilities within the Common Market. He was also convinced that the U.S. business community should play a larger role in aiding the developing countries of the world. He sought ways to build up local economies in Asia and Latin America. He went on two U.S. government missions to Latin America. In 1964, he, along with New York Senator Jacob Javits and others, formed ADELA, an investment institution in Lima, Peru. Funded by a worldwide group of banks and corporations, it provided capital for local businesses in Latin America. In Nigeria, he established an IBM educational facility at Ibadan University to provide training in computer skills. He served at the requests of Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson on two distinguished panels established to simulate U.S. trade. The 14-member panel he headed for President Johnson reported a number of findings later adopted by the U.S. Agency for International Development. He was a member of New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller's Commission on Critical Choices for Americans. As President of the International Chamber of Commerce in 1967 and 1968, he became an international advocate for "freer" trade. In 1968 he also founded, with David Rockefeller, the Emergency Committee for American Trade, a public affairs organization that was eventually joined by the heads of 60 of the largest corporations in the United States. Its purpose was to muster support against protectionism in the United States. In 1970, he resigned his positions as a Chairman of The Board of IBM World Trade, and Vice Chairman and Director of IBM, to become U.S. Ambassador to France. He was also the first official liaison of the United States with the People's Republic of China through its then Ambassador to France, Huang Chen. His contributions to international relations were recognized with honors from several countries. He received the Vatican's Equestrian Order of St. Sylvester. He had already won the French Legion of Honor prior to his ambassadorship. Before he returned from France, President Georges Pompidou awarded him the rank of Grand Cross of the Republic's Order of Merit, one of France's highest honors. Upon his return from France in 1972, he was reelected to IBM's Board of Directors and its Executive Committee. He also founded partnership Dankist, a venture capital firm located in Stamford, Conn. He died at age 55 as a result of a fall in New Canaan, Connecticut,. Yale University's Computer Science building is named in his honor.
  • Date of Birth:

    1919 April 23
  • Date of Death:

    1974 July 26
  • Noted For:

    Served as President of IBM World Trade Corporation, guiding the expansion of the international business
  • Category of Achievement:

  • More Info: