Eric J. Bina

Co-creator of Mosaic and co-founder of Netscape, Bina authored the first version of Mosaic in 1993 along with Marc Andreessen while working as a programmer at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications...

John Vittal

Developer of MSG, the first modern email program, Vittal is recognized as the person responsible for transforming the old email system into the highly user-friendly tool of today. A computer programmer who...

Jack St. Clair Kilby

Nobel Prize laureate in physics in 2000 for his invention of the integrated circuit, Kilby was also the inventor of the handheld calculator and thermal printer.

Georgii P. Lopato

Noted developer of the Russian "Minsk" computers, Lopato contributed to the development of different generations of computers: "Minsk" computers, ES computers, personal computers, mobile computers, and the development on their basis of...

Jorma J. Rissanen

Known for inventing arithmetic coding and the minimum description length principle, Rissanen was an IBM researcher from 1960 who received his Ph.D. from the Helsinki University of Technology in 1965. After retiring...

William (Bill) V. Campbell

A Silicon Valley entrepreneur who mentored leaders at Apple, Intuit, and Google, Campbell was born and raised in Homestead, Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh, son of a local school official. He attended Columbia University...

Lotfi Askar Zadeh

Best known for his theory of fuzzy logic, Zadeh proposed using a membership function (with a range covering the interval [0,1]) operating on the domain of all possible values. He proposed new...

Klaus Schulten

Leader of the research group that developed NAMD and VMD—molecular dynamics and visualization software now used by many thousands of researchers worldwide—Schulten was a German American computational biophysicist and the Swanlund Professor...

Judea Pearl

A pioneer of the probabilistic approach to artificial intelligence and the development of Bayesian networks, Pearl is an Israeli American computer scientist and philosopher. His work demonstrated empirical success in numerous applications...

Adi Shamir

Co-inventor of the RSA public-key cryptosystem, Shamir is an Israeli cryptographer whose initial in "RSA" stands for his name. He is also one of the inventors of the Feige–Fiat–Shamir identification scheme. His...

Aart J. de Geus

One of the world's leading experts on logic synthesis and simulation, de Geus is the founder, Chairman and CEO of Synopsys Inc., a fellow of IEEE, and Phil Kaufman Award winner. He...

Evelyn Boyd Granville

Part of the IBM team responsible for formulating orbit computations and computer procedures for NASA's Projects Vanguard and Mercury, Granville was also one of the first African-American women to receive a Ph.D....

Elaine Surick Oran

Considered a world authority on numerical methods for large-scale simulation of physical systems, Oran pioneered computational technology to solve complex reactive flow problems. Her work unified concepts from science, mathematics, engineering, and...

Marcelli Wein

A member of the pioneer group that initiated Computer Graphics projects at the NRC, developing the use of interactive graphics systems and computer animation, Wein is an international leader in Computer Graphics...

Danny (Dan) Spracklen

Co-programmer of the Chafitz ARB Sargon 2.5, the first commercial dedicated chess computer with an Auto Response Board (ARB), Spracklen is an American computer scientist and microcomputer chess pioneer. Born in Decatur,...

Robert Stein

Producer of the first interactive computer discs for CD-ROM, Stein is considered a visionary and innovator in the world of communication and multimedia. Born and raised in New York City, Stein attended...

Safrira Goldwasser

Co-inventor of zero-knowledge proofs, Goldwasser's research areas include computational complexity theory, cryptography, and computational number theory. Zero-knowledge proofs probabilistically and interactively demonstrate the validity of an assertion without conveying any additional knowledge,...

Joan L. Mitchell

A key contributor to the JPEG image compression algorithm and MPEG video standards, Mitchell became an IBM Fellow in 2001. Working at IBM with William B. Pennebaker, she helped fine-tune the JPEG...

Tom DeMarco

Known as one of the developers of Structured Analysis, DeMarco began his career at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1963, where he participated in the ESS-1 project to develop the first large-scale Electronic...

Allan Marquand

Builder of a mechanical logical machine that is still extant, Marquand is described as having created "…mills into which the premises are fed and which turn out the conclusions by the revolution...